Oral Contraceptive Pills and Norplant

Oral Contraceptive Pills

The hypothalamic pituitary system is suppressed, which prevents ovulation. The main way that estrogen works is by inhibiting FSH secretion. Progesterone seems to work through LH. Additionally, it works by altering the cervical mucus, which stops sperm from penetrating.

Types of Oral Contraceptive Pills:

Combines estrogen and progestin tablets, such as Norgestrol 0.5 mg and ethinyl estradiol 50 mcg are both present in Ovral.

• Phased pills: Phasic pills are especially advised for women over the age of 35.
• Mini pill: When there are bleeding disorders, Norgestrel alone is prescribed.
• Post coital (emergency): These emergency medication pills include Levonorgestrel 0.5 mg and Ethinyl oestradiol 0.1 mg and are advised to be taken within 7 or 24 hours (2 tabs). Due to the fact that it is widely available at retail stores and can be purchased without a prescription. Users of sel should be aware of the normal adverse effects of these hormone tablets and should never use them carelessly.

Mechanism of Action

Levonorgestrel is thought to function as an emergency contraceptive primarily by inhibiting the tubual transportation of sperm or ova. Additionally, by modifying the endometrium, it might prevent implantation. As soon as the implantation process has started, it is ineffective.

Indication

When there has been unprotected sexual activity or there has been a known or suspected contraceptive failure, emergency contraception is advised to prevent pregnancy. The tablet should be taken as soon as possible within 72 hours following intercourse to achieve maximum efficacy. It is not intended for regular usage as a form of contraception.

Dose

Take 2 tablets of levonorgestrel 1.5 mg as soon as you can, but no later than 72 hours following unprotected sex. Any time during the menstrual cycle is appropriate for using it.

Contraindication

Pregnancy, whether known or suspected, hypertension, liver illness, or excessive smoking.

Side Effect

Abdominal pain, nauseous feeling, vomiting, exhaustion, lightheadedness, headache, dysmenorrhea, irregular menstruation, pelvic oligomenorrhoea, mastalgia, and chloasma.

Norplant

It is a hormonal contraception for women that, after a single application, prevents pregnancy for five years under provider management.

Mechanism of Action

These pills gradually release the progestin hormone over time, which works to halt ovulation and thicken cervical mucus in order to prevent pregnancy.

Indication

Temporary family planning

Dose

Places six/three/two subcutaneous capsules in a woman's upper arm.

Contraindication

Pregnancy, whether known or suspected, hypertension, liver illness, or excessive smoking.

Side Effect

Amenorrhea, spotting, headaches, lower back discomfort, mastalgia, hypertension, weight gain, and local infections.

What is emergency Contraception?

Using specific procedures to avoid getting pregnant after unprotected sexual activity is known as ER contraception.

All sexually active people of reproductive age who are providers and should be aware of contraception. A safe and effective method of preventing an unintended pregnancy, emergency contraception pills can lower the rate of abortions and maternal deaths.

Characteristics of Emergency Contraeptive Pills:

• Secure and efficient (but regular causes serious side effects)
• Pills are freely accessible.
• Simple to use
• Obtainable without a prescription.
• Combination oral contraceptive pill:
• Physical examination not mandated by medicine