Blood Circulation and Blood Pressure

Blood circulation is the mechanism by which blood is moved from the heart to different body parts and from those body parts to the heart. An adult human's heart pumps between five and six liters of blood each minute. There are two ways that blood circulates in the human body:

1. Systemic blood circulation
2. Pulmonary blood circulation

Systemic Blood Circulation

The process of blood circulation known as systemic circulation involves the return of deoxygenated blood from the organs to the heart through veins and the transportation of oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to various parts of the body via the aorta and its branches, or arteries.

When the left ventricle contracts, pure blood leaves the heart and flows into the aorta. Blood leaves the aorta through tiny arteries and arterioles and enters the cells through capillaries. In this way, the body provides nutrition, oxygen, and other essential components to every cell. When these elements are consumed by the cells, waste products such as carbon dioxide gas are produced, which are subsequently transported via veins in the blood. The blood that is high in carbon dioxide, or impure blood, is transported to the right ear by the venacava, which is created when these veins unite. Thus, the process by which blood from the left ventricle goes to various locations via arteries and then returns to the right ear through veins is known as systemic blood circulation.

Pulmonary Blood Circulation

Pulmonary circulation refers to the flow of blood via the pulmonary veins and arteries between the heart and lungs. Deoxygenated blood, or blood high in carbon dioxide, passes via the pulmonary artery and eventually the network of capillaries encircles the millions of lungs' alveoli as the right ventricle contracts, opening the pulmonic valve. After that, carbon dioxide is released into the alveoli, where the blood absorbs oxygen and becomes oxygenated. The pulmonary veins transport pure blood to the left ear. Pulmonary blood circulation, then, is the mechanism by which pure blood travels from the lungs to the left auricle of the heart and impure blood flows from the right ventricle to the lungs.

Blood Pressure

The inner walls of the arteries are compressed as the left ventricle contracts and pumps pure blood into them. Blood pressure is the force that the blood exerts on the walls of blood vessels, particularly arteries. Blood flow, blood volume, and blood vessel size are all factors that affect blood pressure. 'mmHg' is the unit used to measure blood pressure. There are two ways to express blood pressure measurements or values. The upper measurement or number is systolic blood pressure, which is a result of ventricular contraction. Diastolic blood pressure, which is the lower value or reading, is produced when the ventricle returns to its initial position or as a result of ventricular relaxation. An adult's systolic blood pressure ranges from 90 to 130 mmHg. Analogously, an adult's diastolic pressure ranges from 60 to 90 mmHg. These days, computerized techniques are being used to assess blood pressure.

The sphygmomanometer is the name of the instrument used to measure a person's blood pressure. An individual's age, sex, mental health, and physical health all affect their blood pressure. An adult's normal blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg, with the diastolic reading being 80 mmHg and the systolic reading being 120 mmHg.

High Blood Pressure or Hypertension

Hypertension, often known as high blood pressure, is the medical term for a person whose blood pressure is higher than 140/90 mmHg. The following list includes high blood pressure symptoms:

• Breathlessness and headache
• Bleeding nose
• Heat and exhaustion
• Face turns red
• Lack of sleep and anxiety

Causes of High Blood Pressure

• Absence of consistent exercise
• inherited tendency to have elevated blood pressure
• Regularly smoking and consuming alcohol
• An excessive weight
• Stressful lifestyle, both physically and emotionally 

Preventive Measures of Blood Pressure

High blood pressure is a major contributor to numerous physical and mental health issues. Thus, timely intervention can help prevent excessive blood pressure. The strategies to prevent high blood pressure are as follows:

• Be mindful of the type of food you eat each day. Eat fewer foods that are greasy and salty.
• Refrain from drinking alcohol and smoking.
• Consume a well-balanced diet.
• Exercise on a daily basis is crucial.
• Practice pranayama, yoga, and meditation.
• Exercise caution by regularly monitoring your blood pressure.
• Lead a life devoid of stress.
• Take part in a range of leisure pursuits.

Diabetes

Blood sugar levels rise when the insulin hormone, which aids in the regulation and use of glucose in the diet, is low for a variety of reasons. Diabetes is a disorder in which there is more glucose in the blood than is necessary. Another name for it is hyperglycemia.

Symptoms of High Glucose Level in Blood

• Extreme hunger and thirst
• Recurring lightheadedness and unconsciousness
• Recurring urination
• Blurry eyesight
• Excessive weightloss
• Numbness and spasms in the hands and legs
• Wounds healing slowly

Reasons for High Glucose Levels in Blood

• Insufficient insulin hormone secretion
• A lifestyle of inactivity and obesity
• Unbalanced eating
• Overindulgence in foods high in fat and carbohydrates
• Genetics

Preventive Measures of High Blood Glucose Level

• Eat a lot of fruits and vegetables, especially green ones.
• Frequent exercise in the body.
• Continue to weigh correctly.
• Continue living a busy life.
• Lead a life devoid of worry.
• Every morning, take a stroll.
• Consume a healthy diet.

Uric acid

Uric acid is created when purine-containing meals are broken down during digestion and purine metabolism in body cells, as well as when purine is taken in excess. The kidneys remove uric acid, which is mostly formed in the liver and intestines and enters through the blood. In a manner that facilitates the removal of other harmful materials, such as plaque built up on blood vessel walls, it also smooths blood circulation.

Uric acid, which the body constantly needs for the synthesis of DNA and RNA, is derived from purines. Consuming too many meals high in purines raises blood levels of uric acid, which can have major negative effects on health. The condition resulting from elevated uric acid levels in the blood is known as hyperuricemia. The following are hyperuricemia's problems:

Symptoms of High Uric Acid

• Joint discomfort
• Deep muscular soreness
• Increased risk of kidney stones
• Skin sensations of burning, swelling, and redness
• Severe discomfort in the toe joints
• Having trouble moving and walking

Reasons for High Uric Acid Levels in the Blood

• Kidneys cannot eliminate uric acid because of diabetes or any other condition that impairs their ability to operate properly.
• Excess consumption of purine-rich food
• Habit of consuming fewer fluids

Control and Preventive Measures of High Uric Acid

• Work out frequently
• Drink enough water in small amounts many times a day
• Steer clear of smoke and alcohol
• Take a baking soda pill
• Eat more cherries because they contain anthocyanin, an antioxidant that lowers blood uric acid. Eat less fatty red meat, seafood, pulses, and other foods.
• Reduce the quantity of purine-rich meals you eat.