Esophageal Inflammation and Stricture, Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease(GERD).

Subject: Medical and Surgical Nursing I (Theory)

Overview

Inflammation of the lining of the esophagus, the tube that takes food from the throat to the stomach, is known as esophagitis. If left untreated, this condition can become very unpleasant, leading to ulcers, swallowing issues, and esophageal scarring. The term "GERD" is used to describe a syndrome caused by esophageal reflux, or the backward passage of stomach acid into the esophagus. Acid reflux pain, sometimes known as a burning sensation. If the illness is severe, discomfort may spread to the back, neck, and jaw. Its clinical symptoms include pain that commonly comes on after meals. Pharmacological management, antacid therapy, 30ml of antacid one hour before eating, or surgical management are all options.

Esophageal Inflammation and Stricture, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GERD)

Inflammation of the lining of the esophagus, the tube that takes food from the throat to the stomach, is known as esophagitis. If left untreated, this condition can become very unpleasant, leading to ulcers, swallowing issues, and esophageal scarring.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Definition

The term "GERD" is used to describe a syndrome caused by esophageal reflux, or the backward passage of stomach acid into the esophagus.

Chronic GERD is prone to recurrent exacerbations, which over time could cause severe morbidity if untreated. Esophageal erosion and stricture, Barrett's esophagus with precancerous alterations, and esophageal carcinoma are more severe forms of the condition that can range from mild, sporadic symptoms.

Pathophysiology

Multiple factors, including transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations and other lower oesophageal sphincter pressure anomalies, contribute to the etiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. The result is

The cardiac sphincter's improper relaxation is one of the causes.

Risk factor

  • Nicotine.
  • Fatty food items.
  • Beverages with caffeine.

Clinical Manifestation

  • Dysphasia.
  • Odynophagia.
  • Inability to enter the LES with food or drink.
  • Regurgitation of acid.
  • Discomfort described as a scorching sensation. The back, neck, and jaw may hurt if the illness is severe.
  • Usually, pain follows a meal.
  • Heartburn (pyrosis) (pyrosis).
  • Water is brazen.

Diagnostic Assessment

  • Drink some barium.
  • Esophagoscopy.
  • Manometry of the esophagus.
  • Biopsy of the esophagus.

Management

  • Pharmacological
    • 30-ml antacid treatment, 30 minutes before male.
    • H2 receptor blockers. (rantac).
    • Metoclopramide (Reglan) (Reglan).
  • Dietary Management
    • Small, regular meals.
    • Feed that is both soft and semisolid.
    • Steer clear of extremely hot or cold food.
    • Drink enough water before and throughout meals to aid in digestion.
    • Eat mindfully and gently.
    • Prevent using tobacco, alcohol, coffee, etc.
    • Eat and drink nothing three hours before going to bed.
    • Elevate the bed's head end.
  • Surgical Management
    • Fundoplication by Nissen.
    • Operation on a hill.
    • Belsey fixing.

References

  • Mandal, G. (August 2013). A Textbook of Adult Health Nursing (2nd ed.). Dilllibazar kathmandu: Makalu publication house. Retrieved August 2013
  • ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/articles/17345925/
  • ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › NCBI › Literature › PubMed Central (PMC)
  • paypop.net/tag/acid-reflux-gastro
  • researchgate.net/publication/237546245_Pathophysiology_of_gastro-oesophageal_reflux_disease_Fisiopatologia_della_malattia_da_reflusso_gastroesofageo
Things to remember
  • Esophagitis is an inflammation of the lining of the esophagus, and GERD is a long-lasting disorder with recurrent attacks that can eventually cause serious morbidity.
  • The proper relaxation of the cardiac sphincter is the cause.
  • Inability to enter the LES with food or liquids
  • Avoid very hot or very cold food.
  • Drink enough water before and throughout meals to aid in digestion.
  • Prevent using tobacco, alcohol, coffee, etc.
Questions and Answers

Inflammation of the lining of the esophagus, the tube that carries food from the throat to the stomach, is known as esophagitis. If left untreated, this condition can become very unpleasant, leading to ulcers, swallowing issues, and esophageal scarring.

The term "GERD" is used to describe a syndrome caused by esophageal reflux, or the backward passage of stomach acid into the esophagus. If not treated properly, GERD, a chronic disorder with recurrent exacerbations, can eventually cause serious morbidity. Esophageal erosion and stricture, Barrett's esophagus with precancerous alterations, and esophageal carcinoma are among the more severe forms that can range from mild, infrequent symptoms.

Risk factor:

  • Nicotine
  • High-fat meals
  • Coffee beverages

Clinical manifestation:

  • Dysphasia
  • Odynophagia
  • Inability to enter the LES with food or liquids
  • Regurgitation of acid
  • Discomfort described as a scorching sensation. If the problem is severe, the back, neck, and jaw may be painful.
  • Usually, pain follows a meal.
  • Chest pain (pyrosis)
  • Water is brazen.

Esophageal inflammation and stricture, gastro esophageal reflux disease(GERD).

Inflammation of the lining of the esophagus, the tube that carries food from the throat to the stomach, is known as esophagitis. If left untreated, this condition can become very uncomfortable, leading to ulcers, swallowing issues, and esophageal scarring.

Gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Definition:

The term "GERD" is used to describe a syndrome caused by esophageal reflux, or the backward passage of stomach acid into the esophagus. If not treated properly, GERD, a chronic disorder with recurrent exacerbations, can eventually cause serious morbidity. Esophageal erosion and stricture, Barrett's esophagus with precancerous alterations, and esophageal carcinoma are among the more severe forms that can range from mild, infrequent symptoms.

Pathophysiology:

Multiple factors contribute to the pathogenesis of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, including transient relaxations of the lower oesophageal sphincter and other abnormalities of lower oesophageal sphincter pressure. As a result, the proper relaxation of the cardiac sphincter is the cause.

Risk factor:

  • Nicotine.
  • Fatty food items.
  • Drinks with caffeine.

Clinical manifestation:

  • Dysphasia
  • Odynophagia
  • Inability to enter the LES with food or liquids
  • Regurgitation of acid
  • Discomfort described as a scorching sensation. If the problem is severe, the back, neck, and jaw may be painful.
  • Usually, pain follows a meal.
  • Chest pain
  • Water is brazen.

Diagnostic assessment:

  • Metal sallow
  • Esophagoscopy
  • Esophageal mutilation
  • Stomach biopsy

Management:

  • Pharmacological
  • 30-ml antacid treatment, 30 minutes before male.
  • H2 receptor blockers (rantac)
  • Metaclorpromide (Reglan)

Dietary management:

  • Small, regular meals.
  • Feed that is both soft and semisolid.
  • Avoid very hot or very cold food.
  • Drink enough water before and throughout meals to aid in digestion.
  • Eat slowly and chew everything well.
  • Prevent using tobacco, alcohol, coffee, etc.
  • Eat and drink nothing three hours before going to bed.
  • Elevate the bed's head end.

Surgical Management:

  • Fundoplication Nissen
  • Operating on hills
  • Belsey's fix

© 2021 Saralmind. All Rights Reserved.