Bacterial Meningitis

Bacterial meningitis

The meningeal bacterial infection is frequently preceded by a minor respiratory tract illness in which a few germs reach the bloodstream.

Etiology of the disease:

• Meningococci
• Pneumococci
• Harmophilus influenza
• Traunophilus influenza
• Streptococcus pneumonia
• Systemic infection
• Anatomic defects
• Otitis media

Clinical manifestation of Meningitis

• Rigid Neck
• Photophobia (Fear of Light) 
• Irritation of the meninges
• Fever
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Chill 
• Headache
• Illusion
• Cloudy CSF

Diagnostic evaluation

Following tests are required to evaluate:

• CSF Glucose
• WBC
• CSF Protein
• Biopsy

Medical management

• Bacterial meningitis is classified as a medical emergency.
• Antibiotics such as penicillin or ampicillin are used to treat cns.
• Antibiotics are only administered intravenously: sodium, cephalosporin, ceftriaxone

Complications that can occur:

• Acute septic shock
• Paralysis
• Ataxia
• Vasomotor failure
• Seizures
• Swelling of the brain
• Overflow of fluids

How can we manage Bacterial Meningitis with nursing practices?

The Following measures should be taken for managing Bacterial Meningitis:

• Keep fluid balances in check.
• Fever should be reduced.
• Monitor vital signs, lungs, airway clearance, and so forth.
• Body weight, serum, electrolytes, urine, volume, and specific gravity should all be monitored.
• The Glasscow coma scale is used to monitor neurological examinations.
• Maintain a quiet environment with dim lighting.
• Determine the degree of discomfort.
• Diversification treatment should be provided.
• Give the sedative.
• Keep track of your vitals.