Subject: Medical and Surgical Nursing I (Theory)
There are two types of cancer: malignant and benign. The characteristics of benign cancer are slow growth, encapsulation, non-invasiveness, lack of metastasis, the ability to generate localized symptoms, etc. Additionally, malignant cancer has unchecked growth, is invasive and expansive, secretes aberrant proteins, and has a variety of other negative effects. The T-N-M staging approach for cancer is T Tumor, N Node, M Metastasis. The presence of a stage I tumor shows that no other tissues have been invaded. Stage II indicates local metastasis and a gradual increase in tumor size. Regional LN metastases in stage III.
Uses the T-N-M staging system:
Classification |
Staging |
Tissue Involvement |
1. Primary tumor ( T ) Tis |
Stage I |
Tumor is in situ, indicate no invasion of other tissues. |
2. T1, T2, T3, T4 |
Stage II |
Indicate progressive increase in tumor size with local metastasis. |
3. Regional LN involvement NO, N1,N2, N3 |
Stage III |
Metastasis to regional LN |
Metastasis M0, M1 |
No metastasis stage IV |
Distant metastasis
|
References
List the characteristics of cancer.
Types of Cancer
Characteristics of BENIGN Tumors
Characteristics of Malignant Tumors
Explain about the stages of cancer.
Cancer Staging
Classification |
Staging |
Tissue Involvement |
1. Primary tumor ( T ) Tis |
Stage I |
Tumor is in situ, indicate no invasion of other tissues. |
2. T1, T2, T3, T4 |
Stage II |
Indicate progressive increase in tumor size with local metastasis. |
3. Regional LN involvement NO, N1,N2, N3 |
Stage III |
Metastasis to regional LN |
Metastasis M0, M1 |
No metastasis stage IV |
Distant metastasis |
Explain about the stages of cancer.
Cancer staging
Classification |
Staging |
Tissue Involvement |
1. Primary tumor ( T ) Tis |
Stage I |
Tumor is in situ, indicate no invasion of other tissues. |
2. T1, T2, T3, T4 |
Stage II |
Indicate progressive increase in tumor size with local metastasis. |
3. Regional LN involvement NO, N1,N2, N3 |
Stage III |
Metastasis to regional LN |
Metastasis M0, M1 |
No metastasis stage IV |
Distant metastasis |
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